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station this is houston are you ready

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we are ready for the event

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msnbc this is mission control houston

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please call station for a voice check

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hi

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uh i'm here do you want me to count to

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nope that is just fine we can hear you

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loud and clear

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hello commander kelly and flight

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thank you so much for for taking the

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i'm going to let let's start off by why

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don't you uh commander kelly you've been

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in space for hundreds of days uh what

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what do you miss most about most about

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life on earth and and what are you

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so well we've been in space now for uh

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over 230 days i think not that i'm

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counting but uh i'm not counting that

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closely

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um as far as the things i

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miss on earth

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certainly you know the human contact

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your friends your family

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people that are important to me and i'm

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probably speaking for misha as well it's

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very important to him

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i also miss the ability to go outside

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the weather you know the sun on your

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face the

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breeze the uh you know the things that

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you know earth has to offer in that

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regards that we don't have up here being

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uh you know in this very

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contained and controlled environment for

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a long period of time

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and commander kelly uh

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what's it like to spend so much time in

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space you know uh in terms of the

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psychological effects the

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physical effects if you can sort of

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well spending a lot of time in space

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whether it's

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you know six months which is our normal

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mission duration

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or a year is not really an easy thing to

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do um

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you know although the space station is

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pretty big uh we can never leave it's uh

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yeah we go out on spacewalks but you

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know occasionally and you know in the

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course of the year i'm here i may you

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know i've done two that might be it

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um

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but that's really getting into a smaller

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spaceship than the one you're currently

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in so it's uh you know it's a in

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a enclosed environment

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um you're always at work so even though

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you do have some down time when you

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when you go to sleep at night you're

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still at your place of employment and

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when you wake up in the morning you're

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right there so

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um you know the environment

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and the pace of our work is uh

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is not easy but it's obviously you know

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something that

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you know at least i feel privileged to

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do i i enjoy the challenge of it but uh

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you know it's not a it's not an easy

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environment to live in

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and flight engineer cornyaco if i could

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ask you uh what what do you miss most

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about life on earth and and what's it

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of course

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and colleague scott said

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the main thing is to do our job well and

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we can do it

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because our crew members our friends and

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uh commander kelly i've been sort of

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monitoring your your twitter feed and

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your instagram page which is really uh

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just

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beautiful stunning photos

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uh from space and

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are there a particular series of photos

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or

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uh cities that you've captured during

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this mission that

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really struck you or are you seeing

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things from space that you haven't seen

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so being up here for a long time really

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gives you a uh you know an opportunity

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to look at the earth

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which is a very beautiful place

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of course um you know there are certain

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parts of it that

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you know at least from this perspective

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are more striking than others um

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which

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you know is interesting that for

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instance the deserts are you know

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incredibly uh beautiful and uh whether

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it's in africa or australia or even you

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know certain parts of asia

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um and then the you know the blue water

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of the bahamas for instance is uh you

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know quite striking

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in color but also in how large it of an

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area it is that is that uh that blue

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um but then the other things that you

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notice when you look out at the earth is

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how

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atmosphere looks um

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you notice in certain parts of the world

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how a lot of the cities are

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are obscured by

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you know almost constant

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constant pollution we see uh you know we

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see weather systems um extremes of

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weather that

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you know are occurring uh in places that

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they're

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not you normally don't see them i saw

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this i took some pictures of a

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tropical cyclone that was off the coast

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of oman in the middle east recently

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which is almost unheard of to have such

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a large tropical storm

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in that area so

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you know the earth is uh

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very beautiful to look at from here but

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they're also see you also you know

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have the uh

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you know the window on the world so to

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speak to see certain things that are a

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little bit alarming

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so

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uh speaking to that um have you

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been able to sort of see firsthand like

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can you see climate change happening

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from from your point of view based on

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your previous missions can you see parts

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of the earth that have changed and

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and

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yeah what goes through your mind when

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um

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so

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you know i don't know if we notice

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you know climate change i think in the

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way you're thinking of it like you know

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uh

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you know temperature obviously we can't

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see the you know a temperature rise here

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we can

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see the sea levels um you know rising

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um

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i did notice one one time which was

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actually in the in the middle of the

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winter

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i saw an iceberg that was you know

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floating

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and i could see it with my naked eye

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which meant it was pretty large which i

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thought was probably in a place that was

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sort of unexpected especially in the

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southern hemisphere

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in the uh you know in the winter in the

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southern hemisphere our summer in the in

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the northern hemisphere

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um

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but like i said you do see things like

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uh

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you know pollution where

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uh you know it's almost constantly

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obscuring you know certain parts of the

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world you see uh

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like i said you know some storms where

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you wouldn't expect them you know fires

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in the us

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you know all summer you know you know

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like you know the whole western part of

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the united states you could see the

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obscuration due to the

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the smoke that was almost uh constant

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and uh

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so i think

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we noticed the you know the effects of

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of of our impact on the climate but i'm

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not sure if we could say

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you know it's climate change like the

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and what would you want people on earth

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to know about this mission and what

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you've discovered what's what's the one

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sort of headline takeaway of what you've

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learned while while

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so you know we're always learning a lot

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up here we've been flying the space

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station now for for 15 years we do an

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incredible amount of science over 400

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different science experiments

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over the course of the year that i'll be

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here in

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in all different uh you know scientific

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disciplines

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um as far as our mission

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um and the science related to it

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you know we're still that's ongoing and

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the data will be analyzed uh

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you know even after we get back we still

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have data collection to do on the ground

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and

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you know i'm sure we will learn a lot

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a lot more than we currently know about

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the effects on the human body and the

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our ability to

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you know mitigate those effects for

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future long duration flight but i think

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you know the one thing i already know

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and uh

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you know being up here for this length

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of time has has uh

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you know made that even more obvious to

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me is that our capability

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to

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live and operate in space for long

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periods of time

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and you know do that with the uh you

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know the amount of rigor and you know

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attention to detail

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will uh allow us to go to mars someday

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and that's something that we we're still

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learning but uh you know we have a

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really great uh

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um you know head start by having this

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foothold in low earth orbit that will

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eventually be you know a large part of

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why we are successful someday going to

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mars

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commander kelly and flight engineer

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cornyaco thank you so much for your time

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i really appreciate it

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good luck

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station this is houston acr that

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concludes the msnbc portion of the event

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please stand by for a voice check from

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station this is aol.com how do you hear

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we hear you loud and clear

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hello i'm alicia an editor for aol.com

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thank you so much for taking a break out

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of your very busy day to speak with us

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for our users joining us live on aol.com

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commander scott kelly and flight

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engineer mikayla konienko are speaking

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to us live from the international space

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station where they've been working for

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almost eight months as part of the

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groundbreaking one-year mission

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scott can you tell us where the space

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i can look at our map here let me see

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um it's hard to tell we are in the uh

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southern hemisphere

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going along the uh

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west coast of south america

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headed headed uh headed south so kind of

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scott mikhail you're both part of nasa's

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one year mission collecting tons of data

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on how living in space for prolonged

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periods impacts the human mind and body

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what changes have you noticed after 234

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days is there anything that you didn't

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so a lot of the science we do uh

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involves data collection that

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you know uses imaging technology

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ultrasound um

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other types of uh

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uh types of uh scientific scientific

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instruments that look at our

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our eyes uh once we get home we'll have

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mris and cat scans

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on various parts of our body

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places that measure bone density

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so as far as noticing like how much

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you know bone i may have lost or

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uh

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you know effect on like muscle mass for

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instance the effects of radiation that's

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not something that we would actually

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notice while we're here but we would

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learn about when we get get home and

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that's understood

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as far as my vision

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you know

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changes last time and

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i would probably expect that they would

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be a you know a similar effect which

297
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is pretty good considering i will have

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been up here you know more than twice as

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you know the other thing i've i've

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learned or i've noticed is that a year

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is a really long time we've been up here

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almost eight months now and i you know

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not speaking for misha but for me i feel

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like i've lived my whole life up here

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and still uh you know we still have more

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than three months ahead of us so

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um but you know at the same time we're

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still able to do our work and

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do it with enough

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enthusiasm and energy to to

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to get the job done so i guess that's

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something i've learned a little bit

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of course there are changes in the body

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for example related to the

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musculoskeletal system and we are

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counteracting this

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by doing physical exercises we have

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a good gym

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on the station

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i have a better near vision i'm not sure

321
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what's the reason for that

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the scientists will tell me later thank

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so what's the coolest thing each of you

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can do in a microgravity environment and

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i don't know if it's cool but we can

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flip around pretty good after being up

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here for so long with like no no hands

328
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i could fly around really fast if i want

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to but that's that's uh

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you know

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this can be somewhat dangerous

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here goes one of our crew members shell

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ingram just flying through the

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scene doing some work so

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you know on one hand it's uh you know

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it's fun to float around

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and uh

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but on the other hand it makes most of

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the stuff you do a lot harder um you

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know work wise you have to keep track of

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everything and

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uh but if you wanted to move something

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that was very heavy it'd be a lot easier

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okay and we have a question from twitter

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for both of you how do you stay mentally

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yeah you know i i'm not sure um i think

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nasa and the other our partner agencies

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have a pretty good

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selection process

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for

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uh

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you know deciding like who they're going

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to send up here as as astronauts and

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cosmonauts

355
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we also do some training in in

356
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you know

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team living teamwork leadership

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followership those kind of things that

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are are critical you know skills to have

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for operating effectively

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in uh you know in such a challenging

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environment so

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i think

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for most of us anyway when we get here

365
00:16:28,790 --> 00:16:25,839
we're pretty well prepared for

366
00:16:30,870 --> 00:16:28,800
um you know staying mentally strong uh

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00:16:31,749 --> 00:16:30,880
during this type of mission

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um

369
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but you know occasionally you might get

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i don't know a little bit uh

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i i wouldn't say depressed but you know

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you know you might not feel a hundred

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percent at times and i think it's

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important to just put you know the whole

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thing in perspective and

376
00:16:50,470 --> 00:16:49,199
you know understand the importance of

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what you're doing and you know

378
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eventually i'll you know be home someday

379
00:17:04,390 --> 00:17:02,310
scott for the first time in four years

380
00:17:06,470 --> 00:17:04,400
nasa is accepting applications for more

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astronauts in preparation for travel to

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mars

383
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what qualities do you think an ideal

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candidate should have to make a

385
00:17:23,909 --> 00:17:21,669
good question

386
00:17:26,870 --> 00:17:23,919
as far as our selection process you know

387
00:17:29,750 --> 00:17:26,880
there's certain um

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00:17:32,870 --> 00:17:29,760
you know skills that are required and

389
00:17:34,870 --> 00:17:32,880
certain types of academic background

390
00:17:38,150 --> 00:17:34,880
you know generally speaking science or

391
00:17:41,029 --> 00:17:38,160
engineering uh you know nasa selects

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civilians as they also select people in

393
00:17:45,270 --> 00:17:43,360
the military i was in the navy

394
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and i was a navy pilot

395
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um so i think for the person that goes

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00:17:52,870 --> 00:17:50,240
to mars certainly

397
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the uh you know an operational type of

398
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of background will be important because

399
00:17:59,669 --> 00:17:57,360
you know even though this is a space

400
00:18:01,590 --> 00:17:59,679
station it has and it's not like an

401
00:18:04,310 --> 00:18:01,600
airplane we don't fly it like an

402
00:18:06,950 --> 00:18:04,320
airplane it does have very sophisticated

403
00:18:09,029 --> 00:18:06,960
systems that are you know

404
00:18:11,510 --> 00:18:09,039
you know related to one another

405
00:18:13,029 --> 00:18:11,520
and it takes kind of an operational

406
00:18:14,710 --> 00:18:13,039
mindset

407
00:18:17,110 --> 00:18:14,720
in some respect to

408
00:18:19,029 --> 00:18:17,120
to deal with those systems and you know

409
00:18:20,470 --> 00:18:19,039
especially to repair them

410
00:18:22,789 --> 00:18:20,480
um

411
00:18:25,029 --> 00:18:22,799
you know on this space station

412
00:18:27,590 --> 00:18:25,039
you know we're it so if something breaks

413
00:18:30,070 --> 00:18:27,600
whether it's the electrical system or

414
00:18:33,350 --> 00:18:30,080
you know the hardware that removes the

415
00:18:35,190 --> 00:18:33,360
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

416
00:18:36,390 --> 00:18:35,200
we have to fix it if there's a science

417
00:18:39,270 --> 00:18:36,400
experiment

418
00:18:41,029 --> 00:18:39,280
we we are the ones that conduct it

419
00:18:42,470 --> 00:18:41,039
computer problems

420
00:18:43,990 --> 00:18:42,480
you know we have to

421
00:18:45,270 --> 00:18:44,000
take care of those too now there's a lot

422
00:18:47,270 --> 00:18:45,280
of people on the ground that help us

423
00:18:49,270 --> 00:18:47,280
with those but it actually requires a

424
00:18:51,430 --> 00:18:49,280
person to do it then then we're the ones

425
00:18:53,110 --> 00:18:51,440
we have to have to do it fortunately

426
00:18:55,029 --> 00:18:53,120
right now we have a doctor on board but

427
00:18:57,750 --> 00:18:55,039
if he gets sick one of us has to be his

428
00:18:58,630 --> 00:18:57,760
doctor so i think someone that's kind of

429
00:19:11,750 --> 00:18:58,640
a

430
00:19:13,510 --> 00:19:11,760
work with uh

431
00:19:15,830 --> 00:19:13,520
as part of a team and it's it's a

432
00:19:17,909 --> 00:19:15,840
diverse team we have you know it'll be

433
00:19:19,669 --> 00:19:17,919
probably an international effort and

434
00:19:21,430 --> 00:19:19,679
getting along with your and working well

435
00:19:30,150 --> 00:19:21,440
with your international colleagues will

436
00:19:37,350 --> 00:19:32,710
thank you so much for joining us i

437
00:19:37,360 --> 00:19:41,350
our pleasure thanks for joining us

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00:19:45,510 --> 00:19:43,029
station this is houston acr that

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00:19:48,710 --> 00:19:45,520
concludes the event thank you

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00:19:50,630 --> 00:19:48,720
thank you msnbc and aol.com station